![]() ![]() The Hira cave atop the Jabal al-Nur ("Mountain of Light") is just outside the city and where Muslims believe the Quran was first revealed to Muhammad. Mecca also is reputedly the birthplace of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Mecca is generally considered "the fountainhead and cradle of Islam". ![]() Pilgrims more than triple this number every year during the Ḥajj pilgrimage, observed in the twelfth Hijri month of Dhūl-Ḥijjah. Its estimated metro population in 2020 is 2.042 million, making it the third-most populated city in Saudi Arabia after Riyadh and Jeddah. Its last recorded population was 1,578,722 in 2015. It is 70 km (43 mi) inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley 277 m (909 ft) above sea level. Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah ( Arabic: مكة المكرمة, romanized: Makkat al-Mukarramah, lit.'Makkah the Noble' Hejazi pronunciation: ) and commonly shortened to Makkah ( Arabic: مكة, romanized: Makkah Hejazi pronunciation: ), is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam.
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